Building your own GPS tracker can be a fun project, but there are a few practical considerations. The GPS module itself only gives you coordinates – you still need some way of getting that information back to you. Most commercial trackers use a small SIM card and either 3G/4G or LTE‑M/NB‑IoT to send a text message or data packet when you request its location. With networks shutting down 2G and 3G in many countries over the next couple of years, you'll want to use a 4G/LTE module if you go the DIY route.
If you want to avoid ongoing subscription fees, your options are limited because some connectivity is required. Bluetooth trackers tether to your phone but only work over a short distance. There are low‑power wide area networks like LoRaWAN that don't require SIM cards, but you need a gateway nearby and they typically offer limited data throughput. Another compromise is to use a prepaid SIM so you control the costs.
A popular DIY setup uses an Arduino or ESP32 development board, a GPS receiver module and a GSM/LTE breakout like the SIM7000/SIM7600 family. Powered by a rechargeable battery and mounted with a good sky view, the device can send its coordinates to your phone or a web service when it senses movement or when you send it an SMS. There are also off‑the‑shelf trackers from companies like Tile, Tracki and Invoxia that you can hide on a bike and monitor via an app.
Whatever you choose, make sure the tracker is mounted somewhere with a clear view of the sky for GPS reception, and check the regulations in your area regarding tracking devices and data privacy.
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